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The 2015 Paris Agreement, Article 7 established the global goal on adaptation of enhancing adaptive capacity, strengthening resilience, and reducing vulnerability to climate change.

At COP27 in Sharm el-Sheikh, Egypt, countries agreed on a framework for the GGA that follows a structured approach based on the adaptation cycle.

After extensive discussions, countries finally agreed on a framework for the global goal on adaptation (GGA) with specific targets for assessing global progress towards adaptation, known as the UAE Framework for Global Climate Resilience (UAE FGCR).

However, the implementation faces challenges, particularly regarding financing. The climate adaptation finance gap remains significant, estimated at $194–$366 billion annually. Despite pledges from developed countries to double adaptation finance by 2025, actual contributions fall short, hindering progress for many vulnerable nations​

As of COP29 in Baku (2024), the focus remains on refining the framework, addressing finance gaps, and linking adaptation efforts to sustainable development goals.​

Here’s why the GGA was brought: Reason will give you clarity.

1. To Enhance Global Adaptation Efforts

Purpose: Climate adaptation efforts were previously fragmented and lacked a unified global focus. The GGA seeks to enhance adaptive capacity, strengthen resilience, and reduce vulnerabilities at a global level.

Need: While mitigation focuses on reducing greenhouse gas emissions, adaptation is essential for managing the inevitable impacts of climate change, such as rising temperatures, sea-level rise, and extreme weather events.

1. To Ensure Parity Between Adaptation and Mitigation

Balance: Historically, climate negotiations and funding have prioritized mitigation (e.g., reducing emissions) over adaptation, leaving vulnerable countries with limited support to cope with climate impacts.

Goal: The GGA elevates adaptation to equal importance with mitigation, recognizing it as critical for sustainable development.

1. To Recognize National Circumstances

Differentiated Needs: Climate adaptation is context-specific, as different countries and regions face varying degrees of climate risks. For example, Small Island Developing States (SIDS) require adaptation to rising sea levels, and arid regions need to address water scarcity.

Flexibility: The GGA allows countries to define their adaptation priorities and actions, aligned with their nationally determined contributions (NDCs).

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