Current Affair 1:

Why is forest-rich India staying away from Glasgow Declaration

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India, one of the 10 most forest-rich countries of the world, chose to stay away November 2, 2021, as more than 100 world leaders committed to saving the world’s forests at the 26th Conference of Parties (CoP26) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change in Glasgow, Scotland.

India apparently took the step as it was not happy with the effort to link infrastructure development and related activities with the conservation of forests in the prepared text, according to an Indian representative.

The text of the final declaration linked transformative action in the related areas of sustainable production and consumption, infrastructure development, trade as well as finance and investment.

The Glasgow Declaration said:

We recognize that to meet our land use, climate, biodiversity and sustainable development goals, both globally and nationally, will require transformative further action in the interconnected areas of sustainable production and consumption, infrastructure development, trade, finance and investment and support for smallholders, indigenous peoples and local communities, who depend on forests for their livelihoods and have a key role in their stewardship.

An Indian representative told this reporter that the linkage proposed between trade, climate change and forest issues was unacceptable to India as it fell under the World Trade Organization.

 

Current Affair 2:

Global Methane Pledge

 

As many as 104 countries have promised to cut their methane emissions by at least 30 per cent by 2030 at the 26th session of the Conference of the Parties (CoP26) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) summit in Glasgow, United Kingdom.

The initiative was announced by the United States and European Union in September 2021, when only nine countries had signed the agreement. These included Argentina, Ghana, Indonesia, Iraq, Italy, Mexico and the UK.

A 0.3 per cent reduction per year in methane is equivalent to net-zero for carbon dioxide — there would be no additional warming if this level of reduction is achieved, according to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change’s latest report.

The pledge is called Global Methane Pledge.

India, the third-largest source of methane emissions, is not a signatory.

Current Affair 3:

Armed Forces Special Powers Act, 1958

 

Origin to AFSPA.

The Armed Forces Special Powers Act, 1958, had its genesis in the 1942 Lord Linlithgow ordinance, which was enacted to curb the Quit India movement. Soon after Independence, the country faced various secession movements. The government quickly evoked the Armed Forces Special Powers Act: a law that was once used by the British to curb movements of freedom struggle which saw many Indians being killed or imprisoned.

What does the AFSPA mean?

In simple terms, AFSPA gives armed forces the power to maintain public order in “disturbed areas”. Section 4 of the Act provides the following wide powers to any commissioned officer, warrant officer, non-commissioned officer or any other person of equivalent rank in the armed forces: You will read all four points below.

 Any person arrested or taken into custody may be handed over to the officer in charge of the nearest police station along with a report detailing the circumstances that led to the arrest.

What is a “disturbed area” and who has the power to declare it?

A disturbed area is one which is declared by notification under Section 3 of the AFSPA. An area can be disturbed due to differences or disputes between members of different religious, racial, language or regional groups or castes or communities. The Central Government, or the Governor of the State or administrator of the Union Territory can declare the whole or part of the State or Union Territory as a disturbed area. A suitable notification would have to be made in the Official Gazette. As per Section 3, it can be invoked in places where “the use of armed forces in aid of the civil power is necessary”.

SC judgement on AFSPA: You will use this in your answer writing. We have taken two important judgements from two different articles.

What different committees have to say about it??

Current Affair 4:

Attorney General

 

Important topic today for us Attorney General. We will try to cover every detail of Attorney General Today.

Now, the important part is:

The Act enacted to regulate terms, duties and conditions of Law officer in India including Attorney General: Law Officer (Conditions of Service) Rules, 1987. Read every point mentioned.

Term of Law officer:

Duties of Law officer:

A law officer shall not:

Now we will see List of Attorneys and Order of Precedence of Attorney:

Current Affair 5:

"One Sun One World One Grid (OSOWOG)".

 

Evolution:

The idea for the One Sun One World One Grid (OSOWOG) initiative was put forth by the Hon’ble Prime Minister of India Shri Narendra Modi, at the First Assembly of the International Solar Alliance (ISA) in October 2018. He had called for connecting solar energy supply across borders. In May 2021, the United Kingdom and India agreed to combine forces of the Green Grids Initiative and the One Sun One World One Grid initiative and jointly launch GGI-OSOWOG at the COP26 summit being hosted by the UK at Glasgow in November 2021.

The following are some relevant points.

• OSOWOG is about connecting the Renewable Energy Supply (producers/generators) all across the world through trans-national transmission lines, so that the energy/electricity produced from the renewable sources (solar, wind...) can be transmitted around the world.
• But this would require huge capital investment to build the transmission lines across the world. So, the first step of OSOWOG is to transfer/transmit solar power among neighbouring countries where transmission lines are already connected. (India, Bhutan, Nepal, Bangladesh, Myanmar share transmission capacity for energy transfer across border).
• As the solar power is not generated/produced after the sun sets, so the transnational grid would allow countries to source solar power from regions where it is day time to meet their green energy needs even when their own installed solar capacity is not generating energy.
• The untapped potential of the sun is well known – all the energy humanity uses in a year is equal to the energy that reaches the earth from the sun in a single hour. The sun never sets – every hour, half the planet is bathed in sunshine. By trading energy from sun, wind and water across borders, we can deliver more than enough clean energy to meet the needs of everyone on earth.
• OSOWOG is not about only solar but about renewables.
• It is to be noted that the same transmission grid can be used to transmit either solar, wind or thermal power. No special technology/grid is required for transfer of renewable/solar power.

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