Current Affair 1:

NSSO Data on Migration

 

The report is based on the Multiple Indicator Survey (MIS) of the NSS 78th round. There are broadly 10 sections in the report, one of which is dedicated to ‘Migration’

Among males, employment was the main reason for migration, being 38.7 percent in rural areas and 56.1 percent in urban areas. For females, marriage was the main reason for migration, being 93.4 percent in rural areas and 71.5 percent in urban areas.

As per the survey findings, migration was the highest in rural areas. More than 81% of those who were surveyed in rural areas mentioned that they had migrated within the same state from another rural area while more than 45% of those surveyed in urban areas said that they migrated within the state from another rural area.

 

Intra-state migration was more than 90% in AP, MP, TN, and Bihar while migration from other country was high in Kerala and Tripura

 Reason for migration:

Current Affair 2:

Government Data Roundup

 

Report 1: Task Force Report on “Production and Promotion of Organic and Bio fertilisers with Special Focus on Improving Economic Viability of Gaushalas”

A total of 22 recommendations have been listed in the report. These recommendations cover the processing of gobar, manufacturing agricultural inputs from it, standardization of products, marketing, policy support and research. Some of the key recommendations are:

• Parity in support for chemical fertilisers vis-a-vis organic and cow dung and cow urine-based compost, manures, jivamrit, ghanjivamrit and other organic fertiliser formulations will help gaushalas earn a sizeable income from cow dung and cow urine.
• A new scheme, like Sustainable Alternative towards Affordable Transportation (SATAT) and Galvanizing Organic Bio-Agro Resources (GOBARdhan), should be launched in the Central sector to promote the use of agri bio-waste and cattle waste available with gaushalas to produce Compressed Biogas (CBG) and organic manure from the slurry left after producing CBG.

• Interested gaushalas should be helped through capital assistance and marketing of cow dung and cow urine-based formulations for application in agriculture. This will require some viability gap funding.
• The report also suggests a revision of the Fertilizer Control Order to include simpler processes for licensing and registration of produces of Gaushalas.

 

Report2: Basic Animal Husbandry Statistics 2022

The publication gives an overview of the Animal Husbandry sector briefly in terms of important livestock statistics such as livestock population, livestock production and other information like animal diseases, infrastructure, etc.

Some important findings

• Total milk production in the country during 2021-22 grew by 5.3% to touch 221.06 million tonnes. The top five major milk producing States are Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, and Andhra Pradesh which account for more than 50% of the total production.
• The total egg production in the country improved by 6.2% in 2021-22 and was 129.60 billion. Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, and Telangana were the top 3 egg-producing states.
• India’s total meat production was 9.29 million tonnes for the year 2021-22 with an annual growth rate of 5.62%. The top 5 major meat producing States are Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal, Andhra Pradesh, and Telangana.
• During 2014-15 and 2020-21, the value addition of the sector grew at a compound annual growth rate of 7.93%.
• In 2020-21, the share of Livestock at constant prices in the Agriculture Sector and total GVA was 30.13% and 4.9% respectively.

 

Current Affair 3:

Certificate of Deposits (CDs)

 

Certificate of Deposits are negotiable/tradable, unsecured money market instruments issued by Scheduled Commercial Banks (and some All India Financial Institutions like NHB, SIDBI etc. but mostly by banks) for a maturity period up to one year against funds deposited at the bank.

For example, if a bank is issuing a Rs. 100 CD paper to raise money from the money market then it will have to keep some percent (of Rs. 100) as reserves. These Certificate of Deposits are different from the 'deposit certificate' that we individuals get while doing Fixed Deposit in the bank. Our 'deposit certificates' are not tradable.

 

As the demand for credit/loan is increasing, so banks are raising money (through issuance of CDs) which they can use for lending purpose. But whatever money has been raised through CDs, all can't be lent, some money should be kept as reserves.

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